This paper was commissioned by the Subregional Office for South and South-West Asia and the Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, and summarizes findings of national studies undertaken in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan to better understand the situation of crop residue management in these countries. Good practices and technologies of crop residue management are identified and interventions are proposed to reduce straw burning. Given the cross-border nature of air pollution, this report also proposes a subregional framework for cooperation to promote sustainable and integrated management of crop residue.